Bharti Ph

INTRODUCTION:

Photoshop is mainly a graphic program which allows you to work on graphics. Which include photos tool?  You can change the shape, color, contrast of the graphics.

USING TOOLS:

1.   Marquees Tool: - This tool is used to make a rectangular or elliptical selection on the file.

2.   Move Tool: - This tool is used to move the objects from one place to another place.

§  Select the move tool.

Move the pointer inside the selection border, and drag the selection to a new position

3.   Lasso Tool: - These tools are used when you have to select irregular shapes.

4.   Magic wand Tool: - The magic wand selects pixels somewhat differently; it selects them based on color values.

§  Select the Magic wand tool.

§  Click the area on the image where you want to make a selection

5.     Cropping Tool: - This tool helps you in getting rid of unwanted parts of the parts of the picture

6. Slice Tool:-The slice tool use to create slices in an image.

.Slice Select Tool:-Use to select slices in an    image

7.   Healing Brush Tool: - This tool lets you correct imperfections, causing them to disappear into the surrounding image. It also matches the texture, lightning & shading of the sampled pixels to the source pixels.

To use the healing brush tool:-

§  Select the healing brush tool.

§  Click the brush sample in the options bar & set brush option in the pop-up palette.

§  Set the sampling point by positioning the pointer in any open image and click Alt.

§  Drag in the image.

8.   Paint brush Tool:-The paint brush tool creates soft strokes of color.

To use a paint brush tool:-

·      Specify a foreground color.

·      Select the paint brush tool.

·      Choose a size for the brush from the brush in the options bar.

Drag in the image to paint

9. Clone Stamp Tool: - The clone stamp tool takes a sample of an image, which you can then apply over another image or part of the same image.

To use the clone stamp tool:-

o  Select the clone stamp tool.

o  Choose a size for the brush from the brushes menu in the option bar.

o  Position the pointer on the part of any open image you want to sample, and click Alt-click. This sample point is the location from which the image is duplicated as you paint.

o  Drag to paint with the tool.

10. History Brush Tool: - The history brush tool lets you paint a copy of one state of an image into the current image window. This tool makes a copy of the image & then paints with it.

To use a history brush tool:-

o  In the history palette, click the left column of the state to use as the source for the history brush tool.

o  Drag to paint with the history brush tool

11. Eraser Tools: - This is used to erase the picture.

To use the eraser tool:-

v Select the eraser tool.

v Choose the size for the brush from the brush menu in the options bar.

v Drag through the area you want to erase.

12.  Gradient Tool: - This tool fills adjacent pixels that are similar in color value or the pixels you click.

Note: - The gradient tool cannot be used with images in Bitmap mode.

To use the Gradient Tool:-

§  Specify a foreground color.

§  Select the gradient tool.

§  Specify whether to fill the selection with the foreground color or with a pattern.

§  Click the part of the image you want to fill. All the adjacent pixels are filled with the foreground color or pattern.

13.    Blur & Sharpen Tool: - The blur tool softens hard edges or area in an image to reduce detail.  The sharpen tool focuses soft edges to increase clarity.

·      Select the blur tool or sharpen tool.

·      Choose a size for the brush from the brushes menu in the option bar.

Drag over the part of the image you want to blur or sharpen

14.   Dodge Tool: - The toning tools consist of the dodge tool & burn tool. Dodge tool is used to lighten the image & Burn tool is used to darken the color.

To use the dodge or Burn tool:-

o  Select the dodge tool or burn tool.

o  Choose the size for the brush from the brushes menu in the option bar.

o  Select what to change in the image.

Mudstones to change the middle range of grays to change the light areas.

Drag over the part of the image you want to modify

15.  Path Component Selection Tool: - You can select paths by clicking with the path component selection tool or the direct selection tool.

To select a path or vector object:-

ü Select the path name in the paths palette.

16.  Type Tool: - You can insert new text, change existing text, and delete text in type layers. To insert text

§  Select the type tool.

§  In the option box select the font, color & alignment.

§  Drag the cursor to specify the place for the text.

ü Enter the text as desired Select the object to show the path.

17.  Pen Tool: - It is used to draw various curved lines on the screen

18.  Rectangle Tool: - This lets you draw rectangle, ellipse, and rounded rectangle.

To draw a rectangle:-

o  Select the rectangle tool.

o  In the option bar specify a selection option.

o  Drag over the area to draw rectangle.

19.  Notes Tool: - This tool is used to write notes on the image. This note is only visible and would not be printed while printing

20.  Eyedropper Tool: - You can view the color of a single area using the eyedropper tool

21.  Hand Tool: - This tool is used if the entire image is not visible in the document window, you can navigate to bring another area of the image into view. You can also the Navigator palette to quickly change the view of an image.

To move the view of an image using the Navigator palette:

Ø Choose window>show Navigator.

Ø Drag the view box in the thumbnail of the image, which represents the boundaries of the image window.

22.  Zoom Tool:-you can magnify or reduce your view using various methods.

To zoom in:

§  Select the zoom tool.

§  The pointer becomes a magnifying glass with a plus sign in its center.

§  Click the area you want to magnify.

To zoom out:

§  Select the zoom tool.

§  Hold down Alt to activate the zoom –out tool.

§  The pointer becomes a magnifying glass with a - sign in its center.

Click the area you want to reduce

LAYER STYLE:-

Follow these steps to create a drop shadow:

1.    Create a new Photoshop document with a white background.

2.   Select the Type tool & enter some words.

3.   Open the layer, layer style, drop shadow.

4.   Click color to change the color.

5.   Adjust the opacity and shadow Angle as desired.

6.   Click ok to see the result finally.

Glows Effect:

This effect adds emphasis around a piece of text and makes it stand out from a busy background.

Bevel & Emboss:-

Bevel affects the edge of the type, producing a raised, but flat, letter surface. Whereas Emboss gives the appearance of curved or rounded letters.

DUPLICATING THE IMAGE:-

1.   Click on image and select Duplicate option.

2.   Type the name for the Duplicate image.

3.   Click on ok.

USING THE FREE TRANSFORM COMMAND:-

The  free Transform command lets you apply transformation (rotate, scale, skew, distort, and perspective) in one continuous operation. Instead of choosing different commands, you simply hold down a keyboard to switch between transformation types.

To freely transform:-

1.   Select what you want to transform.

2.   Choose edit> free Transform.

CHANGING IMAGE & CANVAS SIZE:-

1.   Click on image menu & select the image or canvas option.

2.   Specify the height & width for the canvas or image & click on ok.

ROTATING THE CANVAS:-

1.   Click on image menu & select the rotate canvas option.

2.   Select the angle to which you want to rotate.

CREATING A NEW LAYER:-

1.   Click on Layer menu then new & select Layer.

2.   Type the new name for the new layer.

3.   Click on ok.

DUPLICATING THE LAYER:-

1.   Click on layer menu & select Duplicate.

2.   Type the new name for the Duplicated layer.

3.   Click on ok.

FILE MENU:-

1.   NEW:- This command is used to create a blank, untitled Photoshop image.

2.   OPEN:- It allows you to open an existing file from either the hard disk or other media.

3.   BROWSE:- This command is used to browse through files before opening them.

4.   OPEN AS:- It allows you to open a file in another format.

5.   OPEN RECENT:- It allows you to  open a recently opened file.

6.   EDIT IN IMAGE READY:- It allows you to edit the image in the image ready mode.

7.   CLOSE:- It allows you to close the current Photoshop file.

8.   SAVE:- It saves the current Photoshop file.

9.   SAVE AS:- It allows you to save the current file under a new name.

10.                  REVERT:- This command is used to restore the most recently saved version of your publication deleting all changes made since the last time you saved the publication.

11.                  PLACE:- This command is used to place the text into the publication.

12.                  Page setup:- you can define here various options for you new Photoshop file.

13.                  Print with Preview:- You can change the various options by seeing the preview before printing.

14.                  Print:- This gives rise to a dialog box, where you can set the options for printing the Publication.

15.                  Exit:- close your session with page Maker 7.0.

EDIT MENU:-

1.   Undo/redo:- This command is used to reverse the last action taken by you.

2.   Step forward:- This command is used to move a step forward.

3.   Step Backward:- This command is used to trace back step.

4.   Cut:- This command is used to cut the selected text or graphics from your file & keep it available for pasting into the clipboard.

5.   Copy – This command is used to copy the selected text or graphics from your file & keep it available for pasting into the clipboard.

6.   Copy Merged:- This command makes a merged copy of all the visible layers in the selected area.

7.   Paste:- This command is used to place the selected text or graphics from the clipboard.

8.   Paste into:- This command pastes a cut or copied selection inside another selection in the same image or different image. The selection is pasted onto a new layer.

9.   Clear:- This command is used to delete current selection from your file.

10.                  Check Spelling:- This command is used to spelling check the text in your drawings using the built-dictionary.

11.                  Find & Replace Text:- This command allows you to find particular text and replace it with another.

12.                  Fill:- This command is used to fill foreground & background color.

13.                  Stroke:- You can also paint a border around a selection or a layer using the stroke command.

14.                  Define Brush:- You can define a brush setting here.

LAYOUT MENU:-

1)  Go Top Page:- This command is used when you want to go to a different page.

2)  Insert Pages:- This command is used to insert new pages into the publication. Page Maker 7.0 allows you to have a maximum of 999 pages in a publication.

3)  Remove Pages:- This command is used for removing pages from the publication file.

4)  Sort Pages:- When you select this command, a dialog box will appear with all the pages of the publication appearing as boxes. You can then pick up any page & place at it any other place. This way you can change all the pages & once done, click ok, the new numbers will be allotted according to the new placing.

5)  Go Back:- Pressing this command you will be able to go the previous page of the publication.

6)  Go Forward:- Similar to above, you can go to the next page using this command.

7)  Column Guides:- This command is used to divide the page of the publication into different columns of equal size. The maximum numbers of columns that you can create on a page are 20.

8)  Copy Master guides:-

9)  Auto flow:-

TYPE MENU:-

1)  Font:- This command is used to select the font.

2)  Size:- This command is used to specify the size of the text.

3)  Leading:- Leading is the blank space between the two lines of the text.

4)  Type Style:- There are 6 man type of style to be used in page Maker. They are Normal bold, italic, underline, strikethrough, reverse.

5)  Expert Kerning:- It is a method used for keeping the space between the two character of the text.

6)  Expert Tracking:-

7)  Horizontal Scale:- This command is used to change the width of the character of the text.

8)  Character:- It has additional commands for setting the text in different position like subscript, superscript, etc. You can even change the color of the text too from here.

9)  Paragraph:- This command is used to set the various attributes of the paragraph.

10)                 Indents/tabs:-

11)                 Hyphenation:-

12)                 Alignment:- This command is used to set the alignment of the selected paragraph. Various option available here are left, right, centre, justify & force justify.

13)                 Style:- By clicking one of the style present, you can change the attributes of the paragraph.

14)                 Define Styles:- This command is used to create, edit, remove & copy various paragraph attributes which have been selected under its dialog box.

ELEMENT MENU:-

1.   Fill:- This command is used to fill the box or circle drawn by you in the text, with the options available under this command.

2.   Stroke:- This command is used to select the width of the line drawn by you.

3.   Fill & Stroke:- It is a combination of the above two commands.

4.   Frame:-

5.   Arrange:- This command is used to bring the graphics to the front or back, depending upon your needs.

6.   Align Objects:- This command is used to align text, graphics to various positions, like, top of page, centre of page, etc.

7.   Text wrap:- It has various text wrap options for you to decide which one to choose for your text.

8.   Group:- This command is used to form a group of the items available on the page.

9.   Ungroup:- This command is used to ungroup the grouped items.